Clinical Ophthalmology and Recent advances (Paper 2 & 4) MS & DOMS

 

Paper II, IV

Clinical Ophthalmology and Recent advances Questions

Cornea

Long questions

1.       Corneal ulcer- ETx, S/S, Complications, Rx. (M-10/s)

2.       Non healing corneal ulcer – causes (D-03/s)

3.        Acanthamoeba keratitis- C/F, Mx (M-03/s)  - SN- (D/9/w, M-95/w)

4.       Corneal dystrophies – various types, Rx,( M-05/s, D-91)

5.        Bilateral corneal opacities- EPTx ,Mx ( M-13/s)

6.       Corneal graft failure/ rejection (M-08/s)  

7.       Keratoplasty - Procedure, Indications, Contraindications, Principles of surgery, Types, Risk factors affecting surgery. (M-12/s, M-9/s, M-98/s)

8.       Keratoplasty - Recent advances (M-12)

9.       Keratoconus – Mx (M-B, M-11/s )  -SN- (M-11/w, 10/s, 99/s,D-11/w, D-09/w)

10.   Corneal transplantation – Recent advances (D11/w,)

11.   Keratorefractive surgery –Different types with advt. and disadvt. of each,  (M-99, D-10/s, D-B)

12.   Keratorefractive surgery – Recent advances, (M-14/s, 10/w)

13.   Corneal inlays- different types, comment on their future (M-05)

Short Notes

1.       Terrien’s ulcer (M-B, D-09/s)

2.       Peripheral corneal ulcer (M-14/s)

3.       Dendritic ulcer (M-11/s)

4.       Mooren’s ulcer- EPTx, C/F, Mx  (M-05/w)

5.       Rodent ulcer – (M-14/s)

6.       Micotic corneal ulcer (M-95, D-03/w)

7.       Fungal keratitis/ Keratomicosis Rx (M-99, D-11/w, D-10/s)

8.       Disciform keratitis (D-11/s)

9.       Sclerosing Keratitis (D-95)

10.   Herpes simplex Keratitis (D10/w)

11.   Peripheral corneal degeneration (M-10/w)

12.   Pigmentation lines in cornea (D-09/s)

13.   Corneal deposits (M-08/s,05/s)

14.   Band keratoplasty (M-11/s)

15.   Bullous Keratoplasty (M-11/w)

16.   Preservation of Donor cornea (D-08/w)

17.   Principles of latest technique of keratoplasty (M-09/w)

18.   Lamellar keratoplasty (M-B, D-10/w)

19.   Descemet's stripping Endothelial keratoplasty (D-10/s)

20.   Conductive keratoplasty (M-13/s)

21.   Boston Keratoprosthesis (M-B)

22.   Keratoprosthesis (M-11/s, 11/w, D-11/w)

23.   Intrastromal corneal ring segment (D-12/s, D-14/s)

24.   Graft failure/rejection (M-01, 99,D-95)

25.   Microphthalmos – M-10/w

 

Conjunctiva

Long questions

1.       Ocular surface disorder – Recent advances in Mx  M-03/s (Dutta 1188)

2.       Vascularization of various eye structures – EPTx, Mx, M-95 SN – M-5/w

Short Notes

1.       Spring catarrh  M-11/s

2.       Atopic conjunctivitis M-10/w

3.       Different methods of pterygium surgery. M-09/w

4.       Amniotic membrane grafting  D-08/w, M-11/s

5.       Boston ocular surface prosthesis M-09/w

6.       WHO grading of trachoma M-99

7.       Giant papillary conjunctivitis M-98/s

Sclera

Short Notes

1.       Scleromalacia performance M-5/s

2.       Episcleritis M-03/s

3.       Necrotizing scleritis M-99/s

Uveal tract

Long Questions

1.       Iridocyclitis – S/S, diagnosis, Mx. M-B,

2.       Acute iridocyclitis  - ETx, C/F, complications, Rx. M-10/s, D-10/s

3.       Post-operative Endophthalmitis – C/F, Ix, Rx, Prevention. M-B, 99/s, 93, D-09/w, 08/w

4.       Endophthalmitis – Etx, EPTx C/F, Ix, Mx, M-99/w, 97, 95/s, D-11/s

5.       Intermittent uveitis – Describe. M-14/s

6.       Intermediate uveitis – Describe. M-13/s, - SN- D-11/s

7.       Uveitis – EPTx, Ix,  Mx M-3/w- SN - M-9/s

8.       Choroid melamoma – C/F, Ix, Rx. D-10/w

Short Notes

1.       Hypertensive uveitis – M-03/w

2.       Iris Nodule – D-05, M-99/w

3.       Red eye – causes M-B, D-10/s

4.       Bechet’s disease M03/s

5.       Fuchs Heterochromic iridocyclitis D-09/s,05

6.       Trans pupillary thermo therapy D-03/w

7.       Posterior Uveitis – Ix M-97

8.       Sun set syndrome M-95/s (Dutta 1332)

9.       Uveo mangial syndrome – M-95/w

10.   Ciliary staphyloma M-95

11.   Uveitis and HLA typing M-95,

12.   Dalen Fuchs Nodules M-93

Lens

Long Questions

1.       Pediatric cataract – Mx , Modern trends M-14/s, 95/s, D-03/s,

2.       Congenital cataract–Types, EPTx, C/F, Mx, Mx in 7 month child/ Unilateral,M-3/s, 9/s, D-9/w,93

3.       Complications of cataract Sx – Mx and prevention M-09/w,

4.       Triple procedure (IOL with PK) – Merits/Demerits, Causes of graft rejection M-03/w

5.       Bag IOL implant – Merits/Demeris M-01, 95/w

6.       Des phakodynamics and advt. of Microphaco –. M-08/s

7.       Modern trends/recent advances in cataract Sx D-03/w, M-93/s

8.       How to minimize risk of posterior capsular rent, Des its current Mx M-99

9.       Phacoemulsification and suture less cataract Sx – Describe M-95/s, 95/w

10.   Sutureless cataract Sx – Des procedure in detail M-95

11.   SICS technique and Advt. M-93

12.   Diff. types of suturing technique in cataract Sx – Merits/Demarits M-93

13.   Lensectomy – Procedure, Indications, Advt. –M-93

Short Notes

1.       Micro incision cataract Sx D-09/w

2.       Cateract surgery – complications D-11/s

3.       Phacoemulsification M-10/s

4.       Chatter in phacoemulsification D-12/s

5.       Laser capsulotomy M-10/s

6.       Laser photolysis for cataract extraction M-03/s

7.       Capsular tension rings in cataract Sx D-10/s

8.       Cataract surgery in patient with uveitis M-10/w

9.       Ectopia lentis / Ectopic lens M-10/s, D-13/s

10.   Black cataract – M-11/s

11.   Phaconit – M-09/w, D-14/s

12.   Phacofly M-03/w

13.   Cold star phaco – M-05

14.   Capsulorehxis / continuous curvilinear – M-99, 98

15.   Phaco surgery – complications M-95

16.   Syndromes associated with suluxation of crystalline lens D-95

17.   Subluxation of lens presentation & Mx – M-14/s

18.   Cataract Sx with Hypertension Mx. M-95

19.   Secondary IOL implantation M-95/s

20.   IOL surgery Latest technique M-95

21.   Newer complications of IOL M-95/w

22.   Pupillary distortion in IOL cases – M-93

Glaucoma

Long Questions

1.       Glaucoma – Definition, CLx D-10/s

2.       Glaucoma – optic disc evaluation M-99

3.       Glaucoma Mx – Role of prostaglandins M-03/s

4.       Glaucoma SX – Various shunts used, their merits/demerits M-01, 98

5.       Glaucoma Sx – Factors responsible for failure, Des. role of wound modulators M-99/s

6.       Open angle glaucoma – C/F, EPTx, Ix, Mx, M-11/s, D-B, 08/w

7.       Angle closer glaucoma – EPTX, C/F, Mx, M-09/w

8.       Neovascular glaucoma -  causes, Ix, Mx, M-05, - SN - D-03/w, M-95

9.       Low tension glaucoma – Ix, Mx M-08, - SN M-95

10.   Normal tension glaucoma – Ix, Mx M-95

11.   Secondary glaucoma – Causes, Mx M-10/w, M-98/w

12.   Bupthalmos – Ix, Mx D-10/s

13.   Phacomatoses – O/M, Systemic manifestation M-13/s, 12/s – SN - M/12/w, 99/w, D-14/s (?)

14.   Congenital glaucoma – EPTx, C/F, Mx M-99/w

15.   Open angle glaucoma – Recent advances in - early diagnosis M-98/w, D-03/s

16.   Glaucoma – Recent advances in – early Dx,  Ix, Medical Mx, Surgical Rx M-12/s M-13/s, 11/w, 10/s,   10/w, 03/w, 95, 93

Short Notes

1.       Malignant glaucoma M-14/s, 95, D-B, D-11/s, 10/w, M-95, D-11/s

2.       Phakolytic glaucoma M-14/s

3.       Infantile glaucoma D-95

4.       Steroid induced glaucoma M-13/s

5.       Traumatic glaucoma –  Mx  M-99/s

6.       Aniridia M-98/w, 98/s

7.       Hyphaemia M-93

8.       Glaucomato cyclitic crisis M-98/s

9.       Neuroprotection in glaucoma M-03/s, D-09/s

10.   Low target pressure M-05

11.   Neuroprotective drugs in glaucoma D-11/s

12.   Visca canoloplasty in POAG D-14/s

13.   Trabaculoplasty M-11/s

14.   Setons in glaucoma Sx M-95

15.   Laser procedure in glaucoma Mx  D-11/s

16.   Newer anti glaucoma drugs – D-13/s

Vitreous

Long questions

1.       Vitrous Haemorrage – EPTx, Ix,  Mx M-13/s, 98/w, D-05, 03/s, -SN - M-13/s, 10/s

2.       Pars plana vetrectomy /Scleral buckling – Advt., Risks, complications M-09/w – SN - D-08, D-B

3.       Newer technique/Recent advances in vitrectomy Sx M-93- SN- M-09/w

Short Notes

1.       Recurrent vitrous haemorrage M-95

2.       Posterior vitrous detachment  M-13/s

3.       Intravitreal  anti VEGE therapy D-12/s

4.       Intravitreal injections D-10/s

5.       Sutureless vitrectomy M-09/s, 08

Retina

Long questions

1.       Retinal detachment – Clinical evaluation, Mx, PTx of various types D-03/w- SN - M-09/s

2.       Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment – EPTx,  Dx, Mx M-12/w, M-95/w

3.       Central serous retinopathy – ETx, PTx, C/F, Mx, M-03/w, o5/w – SN- M-09/w, 93, D-10/w

4.       Anamalous retinal correspondence – Des, Dx, Mx M-99/w

5.       Pneumoretinopexy – M-99/w

6.       Retinoblastoma – Role of Chemotherapy in reference to Post enucleation chemo, Chemoreduction, Newer chemo molecules/ Conservative Mx/Radiotherapy/genetic counselling M-09/s, 98 – SN- M10/s, D-11/s

7.       Retinal vasculitis /Peripheral – EPTx, Dx, D/D, C/F, Mx M-99/s, 95/w

8.       Eales Disease – Mx M-95/w, 93/s

9.       Retinitis pigmentosa – C/F,  Genetic transmission, associates systemic syndromes M-05/s

10.   Macular degeneration – PTx, Mx D-11/s

11.   ARMD – Des., EPTx, C/F, D/D,  Mx – M-11/s, 08/s,  99/s, D-09/w, SN - M-12/s, 11/w, 10/w

12.   Macular hole – Define, CLx, Ix, Mx, M-05

13.   Cystoid macular oedema – Etx, S/S, Rx M-11/s

14.   Retinal vein occlusion – Types,  Etx, C/F, complications, Mx  M-09/w

15.   CRVO – Des., EPTx, Dx, C/F, Mx M-93, D-95, 93

16.   BRVO – D/D, Mx M-08, - SN - D-09/s, 08

17.   PVR – CLX, Modern Mx M-03/w (?)

18.   ARMD – Recent trends in Mx, M-03/s

Short Notes

1.       Principles of conventional retinal reattachment Sx – M-14/s, 13/s, 12/s

2.       Laser procedures in retinal disorders D-11/s

3.       Photocoagulation in CSR – M-95

4.       Photodynamic therapy D-95, D-02

5.       Prophylaxis of retinal hole – D-03/s

6.       Pneumatic retinopexy -  M-14/s, 01, 98,  D-03/s

7.       Retinal photo fomentation – M-99

8.       Pan retinal photocoagulation – D-09/s, D-B,

9.       Intra vitreal injections in retinal pathology – M-11/w

10.   Anti – VEGF in wet ARMD – M-14/s, 09/s M-B

11.   Amsler Grid chart – M-14/s,97

12.   Proliferative vitreo retinopathy – M-03/s

13.   Retinitis proliferance – D-93,

14.   Acute retinal necrosis – M-03/s

15.   Retinoschisis – M-03/w

16.   Pseudo retinitis pigmentosa – D-95

17.   Retinitis pigmantosa – Recent advances in Mx  M99/w

18.   Retinal angiomatosis – M-10/s

19.   Leucocoria   M-13/s, D-10/s

20.   Retinal changes in High altitude  M-95

21.   Retinal Dialysis M-11/s

22.   Central retinal artery occlusion – D-10/s

23.   Angioid streak – M-98/s, 95/w

24.   Herido macular degeneration – M-98/w

25.   Clinically significant macular oedema D-12/s

26.   Cherry red spots in macula – M-03/s

27.   Macular hole Sx  M-99

28.   Hypotony – M-14/s

29.   Choroidal osteoma – M-05/w

30.   Fundus changes in new born M-95/w

31.   Berlin’s oedema  D-93

32.   Fundus changes in newborn M-95/w

33.   Chorio retinal biopsy M-05/s

34.   Giant retinal tares* – M-97

Srabismus and Nystagmus

Long questions

1.       Des. Esodeviations  M-14/s, 13/s

2.       Des. incommitant and commitant strabismus  M-14/s

3.       Alternating Extropia in child – Des., Ix, Mx  M-95/s

4.       Congenital squint – Etx, C/F, Mx –D-3/w

5.       Congenital osotropia – Mx  M-14/s

6.       Concomitant Convergent squint  in 3 years child – Ix, Mx  M-97

7.       Concomitant squint –EPTx, Ix, Mx , Classify squint, M-95, D-11/s, 09/s, 95

8.       Squint – Recent advances in Sx and non Sx management –  D-02

Short Notes

1.       Nystagmus  M-11/w

2.       Microtropia M-10/w, M-12/s

3.       Accomodative esotropia D-10/s

4.       Convergence insufficiency – M-05/s

5.       Optokinetic Nystagmus  M-99

6.       Pseudo strabismus D-05

7.       Adjustable sutures in squint Sx  M-98/w, M-11/s

8.       A:V Phenomenon in squint D-12/s

9.       Tests for stereopsis D-05

10.   Duane’s retraction syndrome D-11/s, M-B

11.   Brown’s syndrome (Sup oblique sheath syndrome ) M-11/s

12.   Inferior oblique recession M-05/s

13.   Faden procedure M-08/s

14.   Penalization – M-03/w

 

Lacrimal glamd amd dry eye

Long question

1.       Dry eye – EPTx, Mx, Ix, Recent trends in Mx,  M-05,  D-05,-SN- M-11/w, 09/s, D-09/w, D-02

2.       Chr. Dacryocystitis - Ix.

Dacryocystorhinostomy Sx - Indications/contraindications / Steps of Sx  D-98

Short notes

1.       Xerophthalmia – 12/s

2.       Kerato cunjunctivitis sicca M-10/s

3.       Tear Substitutes – M-08/s

4.       Artificial Tear M—03/w

5.       Tear film immunoassay  M-03/w, 01, 93/s

6.       Endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy – M-09/w

7.       Endonasal DCR M-11/w, 08/s, 99/s

8.       Intubation of lacrimal system – M-97

9.       Intubation and Balloon dacrioplasty – D-11/w

10.   Mixed tumors of lacrimal gland – M-11/s

Eyelid

Long question

1.       Congenital Ptosis –  EPTx, C/F, Ix, Mx,  CLx ptosis, M-05/s, D-12/s, D-5,  D-B

Short Notes

1.       Ptosis –Mx  D-11/s

2.       Evaluation of ptosis – M-09/s

3.       Synkinetic Ptosis  M-98/w, D-02

4.       Myogenic ptosis – D-11/w

5.       Blepharitis – M-11/s

6.       Blepherospasm – M-13/s

7.       Entropion – M-10/s

8.       John’s technique of senile ectropion – M-95

9.       Xantheiesma – M-14/s

10.   Basal cell carcinoma of eye lid – D-08/w

11.   Sturge Weber syndrome – M-05/s

12.   Lid reconstruction – M-10/w

13.   Paramedian tarsorrhaphy – D-03/s

14.   Tarsorrhaphy M-93

Orbit

Long questions

1.       Ocular Proptosis – D/D,  Dx, / Uniocular -  ETx, Ix, Mx – M-12/w, 95/w, D-12/s, - SN - M-12/s

2.       Metastatic orbital tumors – Des. Surgical Mx, M-10/w

3.       Orbital cellulitis – M-05/s – SN - M-09/w, M-B,  D-10/w

4.       Different Surgical approaches to orbit – Specific indications and merit/demerits M-98/s,M-05/s

Short Notes

1.       Goldenhaas syndrome – M-09/s

2.       Orbital implants – M-08/s

3.       Siderosis bulbi M-03/w

Ocular Injuries

Long questions

1.       Perforating Eye injury – Mx   M-08

2.       Perforatinf eye injury with retain IOFB – Mx   M-03/s

3.       IOFB – Des. various types, methods of localization, Mx  M-98/s

4.       Blow out fracture of orbit – Mechanism, Dx, Mx  M-97

5.       Retained intra ocular FB (RIOFB) – Etx, C/F, Mx  M-95/s

Short Notes

1.       Penetrating eye injuries  D-11/w

2.       Blow out fracture of orbit  – M-03/w, D-09/w

3.       Chemical burn injury of eye – D-08

4.       Ocular hemorrhage – D-95

5.       Ocular emergencies – D-12/s

Ophthalmic procedures

Long questions

1.       Stem cell deficiency – CLx, Mx  (M-11/w)

2.        Crayo – uses in ophthalmology ( M-95)

Short Notes

1.       Fundus Fluorescein Angiography M-11/w, 10/s, M-B, D-09/w,

2.       FFA by oral route M-95

3.       Indocyanine Green video angiography M-05/s

4.       New imaging technique for retinal vascular diseases. D-13/s

5.       MRI in ophthalmology D-02

6.       Endothelial specular microscopy M-10/s

7.       Crayo probe for orbital sugery M-93/w

8.       Amniotic membrane grafting in ophthalmology M-10/w, M-B, D-12/s

9.       Stem cell transplantation in ophthalmology M-13/s, D-10/s, D-B

10.   Limbal stem cell transplantation M-09/w, D-10/w

 

 

 

Miscellaneous

Short Notes

1.       Amausotic Cat’s eye reflex M-09/s

2.       Cicatrical pemphigoid M-09/w

3.       Vogt Koyonagi syndrome M-12/s

4.       Mucopolysachharides and eye M-98/w

5.       Contracted socket M-95

6.       Simcoe and reverse simcoe cannula  M-93

7.       Musterde’s rotation flap – M-97

8.       Vertical muscle Sx  M-03/s

9.       M. K. Media M-08

10.   AMPPE M-93/w

11.   Applanation Tonometry  D-95,M-09/s (Paper I)

12.   TTT D-05,

13.   Dura and membrane – D-14/s

14.   Peribulber anesthesia – M-93

15.   Diamond knife – M-93

16.   Sterilization of operating sharp instrument – M-98/s   

 

Orbit

Long questions

5.       Ocular Proptosis – D/D,  Dx, / Uniocular -  ETx, Ix, Mx – M-12/w, 95/w, D-12/s, - SN - M-12/s

6.       Metastatic orbital tumors – Des. Surgical Mx, M-10/w

7.       Orbital cellulitis – M-05/s – SN - M-09/w, M-B,  D-10/w

8.       Different Surgical approaches to orbit – Specific indications and merit/demerits M-98/s,M-05/s

Short Notes

4.       Goldenhaar syndrome – M-09/s

5.       Orbital implants – M-08/s

6.       Siderosis bulbi M-03/w

 

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