JUN 2009
1. Describe pathological sequale of right lateral rectus muscle paralysis.
2. Aetiology, clinical picture and management of NAION.
JUN 2010
3. Draw a diagram of visual pathway and show visual defects in craniopharyngioma and occipital lobe lesion.
JUN 2011
4. Causes, differential diagnosis and clinical implications of anisocoria. 3+3+4
5. Draw a labeled diagram of the superior orbital fissure specifying the structures – intraconal and extraconal. Enumerate signs of orbital apex syndrome. 6+2+2
6. **Draw a labeled diagram of the visual pathways indicating the lesions and their causes at different levels. 5+5
7. Draw a labeled diagram of the vascular supply of the optic nerve and its implications for papilloedema and ischaemic optic neuropathy. 6+2+2
DEC 2011
8. **Discuss the vascular supply of optic nerve. Describe fluorescein angiographic details of optic nerve head. Give the relevance of optic nerve head blood supply in AION. (4+3+3)
9. Classify ectropion and describe management of paralytic lagophthalmos. (2+8)
10. Describe clinical features and management of Traumatic Optic-neuropathy. (5+5)
11. ***Draw a labeled diagram of visual pathways and briefly write about the correlation between level of lesion and clinical presentation. (10)
JUN 2012
12. Define scotoma. How do you differentiate between positive and negative scotoma. Discuss the approach to diagnosis in a patient presenting with left hemianopia.
13. **Describe etiology, clinical features, investigations and management of 6th nerve palsy.
14. ***Draw a labelled diagram of pupillary reflex pathway. Discuss approach to diagnosis of anisocoria.
15. Discuss the aetiology, clinical feature, diagnosis and management of optic neuritis in a 40 years old female.
DEC 2012
16. Define gaze palsy. Discuss various forms of gaze palsy with their localization value.
17. Describe the applied anatomy of oculomotor nerve with the help of a diagram. Give causes of 3rd nerve palsy with treatment outline.
JUN 2013
18. What are the common tumors of optic nerve in adults? Give clinical features to differentiate them clinically and give salient pathologic features of these tumors. 3+2+5
19. What is Homer’s syndrome? Discuss clinical features, diagnosis and management of this syndrome. 1+ 3+3+3
20. ****Describe the pupillary pathway of the eye. Write in brief about the lesions light near dissociations and its implications. 5+5
DEC 2013
21. Give clinical presentation, causes, and diagnostic modality and treatment options in benign intracranial hypertension. 2+3+2+3
JUN 2014
22. Describe anatomy and lesions of optic tracts, chiasma and optic radiations.
23. **Describe pathogenesis and pathological features of papilloedema.
24. **Describe sympathetic nerve supply to the eye with the help of a diagram. Describe various pharmacological tests to diagnose the abnormalities of sympathetic system.
DEC 2014
25. What is VEP? What are the types of VEP? What is the role of VEP in modern clinical practice? What are its limitations? (2+2+4+2)
26. ***Anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy: types, clinical manifestations, investigations and management. (2+2+2+4)
JUN 2015
27. a) Signs of optic nerve dysfunction.
b) Various investigations available to assess the optic nerve function. (4+6)
28. a) What are the main types of migraine?
b) Differential diagnosis of the visual phenomena that accompany an attack of migraine. (3+7)
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